Can you name the approximate resolution of our eye? If so, what do we see if we look at a monitor that has a higher resolution than the eye?

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And about "the resolution is greater than that of the eye" - you constantly look around and everything around you consists of the smallest particles. Including a monitor. And you see the monitor, not the molecules it consists of.

If you are interested in the minimum particle size available to the eye, then according to the wiki:

When observing small objects without a magnifying glass, or microscope, the usual distance to the object is 20-25 cm. From this distance you can clearly see a point 0.05 mm in size. To distinguish objects from each other, their size should be (0.1 - 0.3 mm). The latter size is usually used for drawing small details on maps and technical plans.

The eye can be compared to optics, which, in principle, do not have permission.

You can go for the opposite. What is the minimum resolution that will allow the eye to see a clear picture on the screen? That's 72 pixels per inch. It's minimum. It turns out that above 100 will not be noticeable to the eye. An example of any Retina Display, etc.